The main steps for detecting faults in underground cable fault testers are as follows:
1. Determine the nature of the cable fault. Cable faults are mainly divided into main insulation faults and extra-high voltage outer sheath faults. Main insulation faults mainly include low-resistance grounding faults, open-circuit faults, leakage-type high-resistance faults, and flashover-type high-resistance faults. First, use a grounding insulation tester or a multimeter, as well as testing methods, to determine the nature of the fault, and then use a cable fault locator to measure the distance. If it is a low-resistance grounding or open-circuit fault, directly use the low-voltage pulse method of the cable fault locator to measure the distance; if it is a flashover-type high-resistance fault, use the direct flash method to test the fault distance; if the fault nature is leakage-type high-resistance, generally use the high-voltage impact discharge method to measure the distance.
2. Find the path (if the path is clear, this step can be omitted). When finding the path, apply an AC signal (path signal generator) to the cable, use the principle of electromagnetic induction, and then use a receiver to receive this signal. Walk along the path with the signal to determine the cable path.
3. The underground cable fault tester is used for precise positioning based on the measured distance. The basis is to use the sound waves generated by the flashover discharge at the fault point for precise positioning. When the sound is loudest from the earphones of the cable fault pinpointing instrument, that is where the fault point is located. This requires rich experience in fault finding to analyze.
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